HISTORY
The founding of the Hells Angels Motorcycle Club
On March 17th 1948 the first Hells Angels Motorcycle Club was founded in the Fontana/San Bernardino (BERDOO) area in the United States of America. About the same time, other clubs were formed in various places in the state of California, but none of these clubs were associated with Hells Angels nor with each other. Most of them do not exist today, but the BERDOO charter in (San Bernardino) still does.
During the fifties more Hells Angels Charters came into existence. In the beginning the different charters had nothing to do with each other, but after some years they united and a regular criteria of admission was laid down. From having been exclusively a Californian phenomenon, the club developed internationally in 1961. It happened when the first charter outside California was adopted – strangely enough – as far away as Auckland, New Zealand. During the sixties Hells Angels spread out to the East Coast of the USA and later to the Midwest.
On July the 30th 1969 the first European Hells Angels charter was accepted in London, England. Today there are more than 250 charters in Europe alone. At the end of the Seventies, Australian clubs were admitted and in 1984, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil became the first South American charter. In 1993, Hells Angels came to the African continent with a charter in Johannesburg, South Africa. Eastern Europe got its own Hells Angels charter in the new millennium and since then many more countries have been granted the now famous winged Death Head.
Today the Hells Angels Motorcycle Club has spread its wings all over the World. From Alaska and Norway in the high North, to South Africa and Argentina in the southern hemisphere. All around the globe from the Caribbean Islands to Turkey, who became the first Muslim country to join the club in 2009.
The admission of clubs from all over the globe caused changes in the structure of the Hells Angels. The small motorcycle club from Berdoo was now Mother Charter to the world´s biggest motorcycle brotherhood, the HELLS ANGELS MOTORCYCLE CLUB WORLD. Today Hells Angels MC World has charters in North America, Central America, South America, Europe, Australia, Africa and Asia.
Hells Angels Motorcycle Club Lineage Clarification
The myth and legends surrounding the
military lineage of the Hells Angels Motorcycle Club has, for decades,
been cited as being from former members of the Hell’s Angels Bomber B-17
Group from World War II. This myth has been aided by incorrect
reporting by authors who deemed it appropriate to align the Hells Angels
Motorcycle Club (HAMC) with ex-service members returning from a war
where excitement and adventure had become their lifestyle. Authors and
newspaper correspondents, from a wide assortment of daily, weekly and
other periodicals have made statements, not founded in fact. It has been
stated that these former servicemen were alleged to have been
drunkards, military misfits, and generally speaking substandard soldiers
that would not adjust to a return to a peacetime environment. If any
person, regardless of their association considered the content of the
statements and inferences made, they would find these to lack any
rational thought or concern for truthful reporting.
A historical review of the exploits and
accomplishments of the implied Bomber Group, 303rd Bombardment Groups
(Heavy) 303rd European Theater of Operations (ETO) shows that this
bomber unit did not tolerate malcontents, drunken pilots or aircrews.
Such individuals, had they existed, would have seriously hindered the
effectiveness of combat operations and would have been dealt with
harshly and promptly. Documented records of the 303rd can be found in
“Might in Flight”, Daily Diary of the Eighth Air Force’s Hells Angels,
303rd Bombardment Group (H), by Harry D. Gobrect, LtCol, USAF (Ret). One
of the 303rd’s most famous B-17’s serial number #41-24577, commanded by
then Captain Irl Baldwin, was named “Hells Angels”. This aircraft was
unnamed until its fourth or fifth mission. The crew decided to adopt the
name “Hells Angels” after the 1927 Hells Angels” WWI fictional Fighter
Squadron movie by Howard Hughes. On May 13th 1943 the 303rd’s B-17F
“Hells Angels” became the first 8th Air force B-17 to complete 25 combat
missions. This feat has wrongly been credited to the “Memphis Belle”
B-17 including the 1943 and 1990 “Memphis Belle” movies. The “Memphis
Belle” B-17 was the first to complete 25 missions and return to the USA.
“Hells Angels” continued to fly combat missions until December 13th
1943. When she completed 48 combat missions it was retired from combat.
Shortly thereafter she was flown to the USA, rejoined by members of the
Capt. Baldwin Crew and went on a morale boosting tour on war production
plants. Hell’s Angels B-17 number #41-24577 was dismantled, for scrap,
in 1947. On January 7th 1944, by a vote of group and squadron
commanders, “Hells Angels” became the name of the 303rd with “Might in
Flight” being retained as the Group motto.
Facts which have been undeniably proven show that the 303rd “Hell’s Angels” B-17F was only flown by highly dedicated, motivated and mission oriented airmen. They were not malcontents and did not report for mission in a drunken state. Crew pilot and commander, Capt. Irl Baldwin, completed a stellar military career, retired as an LtCol, and was awarded numerous valorous and meritorious citations. Records show that the 303rd became one of the 8th Air Forces best Bomb Groups. It operated from Station 107, Molesworth and Huntingdonshire, England from September 12th 1942 until June 11th 1945. During this time theGroup flew an 8th Air Force record 364 combat missions, 10721 sorties and dropped 26,346 tons of bombs on enemy targets. The 303rd is credited with 664 enemy aircraft destroyed, probably destroyed or damaged. They sustained 1,748 personnel casualties and lost 210 B-17’s on combat missions. The 303rd was the first 8th Air Force Bomb Group to complete 25, 50, 75, 200 and 300 combat missions.
Available historical information from
HAMC Berdoo and extensive research by the 303rd reveals that no lineage
exists between the HAMC and the 303rd other than both organizations
having the same name. HAMC has copyrighted the name Hells Angels (in any
form of spelling) in the US and internationally, along with all
variations of the “Death Head” insignia of HAMC. These trademarks &
copyrights are aggressively protected by HAMC, Corp. The name Hell’s
Angels was adopted by no less than twelve B-17’s throughout WWII, from
an assortment of organizations, additionally it was adopted by a B-26
Medium Bomber squadron, a United States Marine Corps fighter squadron
and even on a P-38 Lightning fighter. The former Squadron Leader of the
3rd Pursuit Squadron “Hells Angels” American Volunteer Group (AVG),
Arvid Olson, was the only person with specific military lineage to an
actual unit which bore the name Hell’s Angels that was affiliated with
the foundation of the HAMC, which occurred in Fontana, California in
March 1948. Arvid Olsen was an associate of the founders of the HAMC; he
never attempted to or became a member of HAMC.
The AVG, or more famously known “The
Flying Tigers” (the name is credited to a United Press correspondent
named McGrath for an article written on December 26st 1941) were a
secret United States military operation entity, authorized and approved
by then President Franklin D. Roosevelt, on 23 December 1940, under
conditions of a SECRET Letter of Approval: refer to Official file 150,
FDR Library, Memoranda 1941. The secret approval was declassified in
December 1991, after 50 years, when the AVG was awarded the Presidential
Unit Citation. Additionally the pilots of the AVG were awarded
Distinguished Flying Crosses. Ground crew personnel of the AVG were
awarded Bronze Star Medals. After all those years the AVG veterans, that
were still alive, received Veterans status from a grateful nation! This
acknowledgement seems more like an afterthought to an intentional
oversight, on the part of the government.
As
part of this covert operation, which had been requested by Claire Lee
Chennault (a former USAAC pilot instructor and veteran of the 94th “Hat
in the Ring” squadron during WWI) on behalf of Chiang Kai-Shek and the
Chinese government, who had been at war with the Empire of Japan since
1937 the AVG were to be equipped, organized and deployed, in China,
against the Empire of Japan. The AVG received 100 P-40 fighter aircraft.
The P-40 was diverted from a shipment to England. The personnel were
recruited from active branches of the War Department: the Army, Navy and
Marine Corps. Pilots, maintenance, communications, clerical and medical
personnel were secretly recruited from active duty units. All
documentation, equipment and personnel transfers were processed through
and by the Central Aircraft Manufacturing Company (CAMCO), as approved
by the US Government. Nothing could then be traced to the United States
government, which was not yet in conflict with the Empire of Japan.
Chiang Kai-Shek appointed Chennault Commander of the AVG. The AVG was
divided into four elements: a headquarters squadron and three fighter
squadrons. Each squadron selected their respective name, which was the
custom of the time for military aviation units. The First Pursuit
Squadron (1PS) became the “Adam & Eve’s”. The Second Pursuit
Squadron (2PS) became the “Panda Bears”. Chuck Older, Ken Jernstedt, Tom
Haywood and Ed Overend, all former USMC pilots, selected the name
“Hells Angels” for the Third Pursuit Squadron (3PS). Of note is that
Charles “Chuck” Older became a judge and presided over the trial of
Charles Manson. Ken Jernstedt became a US Senator. Squadron Leader Olsen
was not involved in that name selection, however he immediately agreed
with the recommendation...
The Tiger Shark motif on the AVG P-40
aircraft was the idea of (3PS) Hells Angels Flight Leader Erik Shilling
and (1PS) Adam & Eve Vice Squadron Leader Charles Bond, when they
found a British magazine with photographs of an RAAF P-40 in desert
camouflage. When the two took the idea to Chennault he wanted the entire
Group to adopt the motif. Even today Shilling and Bond claim first for
idea and application of the Tiger Shark paint job on the P-40’
Each of the squadrons, now with an
approved name, designed their respective squadron insignia. The Hells
Angels decided on a red colored silhouette of a very shapely female with
halo and wings outlined in white. Each Hells Angels pilot had his own
“Lady” painted on his individual aircraft; subsequently each “Lady” had
her own personality. Yet the colors of red on white were the standard
for the entire squadron. This same motif and insignia is used today by
active United States Army, Marine Corps and Air Force squadrons,
additionally a fighter squadron of the Israeli Air Force.s of the AVG.
Erik Shilling actually painted his P-40 first, as Bond had gone off base
to acquire the paint, whereas Shilling got paint on the base from
Chinese personnel that were painting the Chinese Air Force insignia on
the P-40’s.
During the seven month combat operations
of the AVG this unit acquired a record of 297 Japanese aircraft
destroyed, as confirmed by British and Chinese Intelligence. Other
sources have placed the total Japanese aircraft destruction, caused by
the AVG, at well over 600 to 900, including aircraft destroyed on the
ground during strafing operations. AVG losses were 4 pilots killed in
air combat, 7 killed by ground fire, 3 died as a result of Japanese
bombing while they were on the ground and 1 missing in action presumed
dead. That reflects an AVG to Japanese kill ratio of 50 to 1, a record
that has never been equaled. Chennault reviewed official Japanese war
records, after the war. The Japanese reported the destruction of 544 AVG
aircraft. Of note was the fact that at no time did the AVG possessed
more than 100 aircraft in their unit. The AVG was disbanded on July
4th 1942, at which time few accepted returning into the US Army Air
Force, most optioned to return to the US where they returned to active
service or other war efforts. The reason many refused immediate return
to active service, in China, was the manner by which Brigadier General
Bissell, USAAF, presented the option to them. Bissell had been a long
time adversary of Chennault and the Flying Tigers. Chennault, who had
accepted return to active military service, immediately prior to
deactivation of the AVG, at the rank of Brigadier General continued to
command the 14th Air Force in the China Burma Theater (CBT). The
14th Air Force all referred to themselves as “Flying Tigers”, even
though the real “Flying Tigers” had been deactivated on July 4th 1942.
General Chennault was forced into retirement immediately prior to the
Japanese surrender. At the official surrender ceremony, onboard the USS
Missouri, General of the Army, Douglas MacArthur asked, “Where’s
Chennault?” As a final insult General Chennault, founder and commander
of the AVG, who had fought the Japanese Empire since 1937 was not even
permitted to be present at the official end of hostilities, of which he
had participated in for 8 years, unlike the 4 years of participation by
other US officials at that ceremony.
To answer the questions of lineage
between HAMC and a military organization is that Arvid Olsen; “Flying
Tigers” Hells Angels squadron gave the idea of the name to the actual
founder of the Hells Angels Motorcycle Club, in Fontana, California. The
selection of our colors, red on white, is a result of the association
of Olsen with the HAMC founders, like the insignia of the 3Ps “Hells
Angels”. The insignia of the HAMC, our copyrighted Death Head can also
be traced to two variant insignia designs, the 85th Fighter Squadron and
the 552nd Medium Bomber Squadron. Frank Sadliek, past president of the
HAMC San Francisco Chapter designed the official “Death Head” insignia.
Arvid Olsen died May 16st. 1974 in Point Clear, Alabama.
